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Harsher laws have also been written for criminal offenders. The U.S.A. Patriot Act of 2001 has
increased the penalty for first time offenders from five years to 20 years. Many states have
passed similar laws.
These laws will, hopefully, deter the cybercriminal actions while simultaneously encourage
organizations to implement controls to identify and correct the insider vulnerability. Although
additional measures of security are inconvenient and costly, the absence of them can have
unrecoverable and fatal consequences on an organization.
References
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Internet Law, 8(6), 16-20.
Goodrich, M. & Tamassia, R. (2011). Introduction to Computer Security. Boston, MA: Pearson
Education, Inc.
Hayden, M. V. (2014). Beyond Snowden. World Affairs, 176(5), 13-23.
Jaeseung, H., Jongwung, K., & Jeonghun, C. (2010). The Trend of the Security Research for
the Insider Cyber Threat. International Journal of Security & Its Applications, 4(3), 55-63.
Johnston A, Hale R. Improved Security through Information Security Governance.
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Magklaras, G., & Furnell, S. (2005). A preliminary model of end user sophistication for insider
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Onwubiko, C., & Lenaghan, A. (2007). Managing Security Threats and Vulnerabilities for Small
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